Showing posts with label East Baltimore. Show all posts
Showing posts with label East Baltimore. Show all posts

East Baltimore: Streamlining the Gentrification

East Baltimore is having and has had a number of different gentrification projects over the years. They have been met with great success and will continue to as the years go by. One problem with East Baltimore is that these projects are a patchwork and don't spill out into the greater community leaving other parts of the community to continue to operate in shambles. What this post will do is identify what can be done fix this and unite East Baltimore as a Community with homes and businesses new and old all of which will thrive.

As I've stated previously, the disinvestment of East Baltimore can traced back to the down fall of its major employers; Bethlehem Steel, Canneries, Breweries, and Ship Yards. One constant anchor to the Community has been and will continue to be Johns Hopkins Hospital. However, it hasn't done much to curb the disinvestment of its surroundings until very recently.
East Baltimore has played host to several Public Housing Developments over the years some of which still exist while others have been demolished. This has resulted in the patch work of gentrification and blight I discussed earlier because the public housing developments were located right next to each other rather than spread out. The first development to hit the wrecking ball was Lafayette Courts, a high rise development that was replaced with the town home and low rise senior building known as Pleasant View Gardens.
Pleasant View Gardens (PVG) was met with mostly positive reviews but not having enough of an income mix is posing problems.
That's why when Broadway Homes (southeast of PVG) and Flag House Courts (a few blocks south of PVG) were redeveloped their finished products; Broadway Overlook andAlbemarle Square respectively contained a much broader income mix and have become the bench mark for mixed income communities.
Broadway Overlook's average median income has sky rocketed since its 2004 completion it also incorporated the recently shuttered Church Hospital in the form of mid rise apartments and a community focal point.
In the immediate vicinity of these new developments lie several old and blighted developments which have not benefited from the redevelopment of their neighbors. Some will be demolished while others may be demolished. If it's not a sure thing there is at least talk of doing so. Somerset Homes is emptied out and ready for demolition.
It is directly north of PVG, East of Forest St. Apartments, and west of three Schools; Paul Laurence Dunbar High, Paul Laurence Dunbar Middle, and Thomas G. Hayes Elementary. Thomas G. Hayes Elementary has closed, Dunbar High's Athletic Fields are northwest of the School and the School itself is under capacity.When redeveloping Somerset Homes all these factors need to taken into consideration. In my School Facilities Update post, Dunbar High will receive a massive renovation and redistricting to bring it back up to full capacity. Its athletic fields will go on the roof to save space. Thomas G. Hayes Elementary will close and Dunbar Middle will close (in my plan). In my plan Forest St. Apartments will be demolished with Somerset Homes as will Thomas G. Hayes Elementary and Dunbar Middle. They will all be part of a new high density development of market rate apartments and condos with underground parking and ground floor retail known as "Hopkins Pointe." The current Dunbar Athletic Fields will be cut in half be letting Aisquith St. run through it. One side will be a public square known as "Oldtown Square" and the other will be a Dog Park.

Speaking of Oldtown, no conversation about East Baltimore will complete with bringing up Oldtown Mall. Oldtown Mall, is a desolate Outdoor Pedestrian Mall where Gay St. used to run. If the buildings aren't in danger of collapsing, we can save them and back fill them with businesses that will serve the tremendous population growth from its surroundings. Gay St. will reopen to cars. If not, they will have to be demolished and the city will lose yet another Historic Site due to neglect. West of Oldtown lies acres of surface parking lots in an area known as Penn Fallsway. With Downtown literally across the street from here I can't fathom how this hasn't been developed. Well, it's time we demolished the JFX and extended Downtown into these parking lots and ultimately connected Downtown to Hopkins. The network of streets will have to be reworked to achieve maximum density and the best traffic flow. This will be mixed use residential, office, hotel, and retail all with underground parking. This development will be called "Jones Falls Overlook." Other elements here will be a Farmer's Market that currently operates under the JFX and a Homeless Shelter because there are many homeless camps under the JFX.

Now for perhaps the most pivotal development in streamlining East Baltimore; Douglass Homes. Strategically located at the intersection of Broadway, Fayette, and Orleans Streets it ties all the new development. Think about it, every development I've discussed and will discuss borders Douglass Homes in some way.
Pleasant View Gardens (PVG)is to the west, Somerset Homes is to the northwest, The Dunbar High Campus to the north, Johns Hopkins Hospital to the northeast, Broadway Overlook to the south, and the Gateway at Washington Hill to the east. To be in scale with the developments already in place it will feature mostly two to three story town homes some with garages and/or basements some with neither. Also on Central Avenue will be a low rise Public Housing Senior Building that mirrors the one in PVG directly across the street.
One project of note near Douglass Homes is the new Enoch Pratt Free Library.
The old Charles Carroll of Carollton Elementary is located on the PVG side of Central Avenue but its redevelopment will be part of the new Douglass Homes.
The new development, will be "The Villages at Central Avenue."
Central Avenue will receive a complete makeover from Fayette St. to the Inner Harbor with streetscape enhancements including landscaped medians, brick crosswalks, bike lanes, new sidewalks with tree plantings, new sheltered bus stops, updated traffic signals, and new "count down" pedestrian signals.The previous paragraph discussed a few things where I haven't gone into full detail, allow me to do so now. First there's Johns Hopkins Hospital, the fact that it's Baltimore's largest employer has done very little for its surrounding communities, until now.
The East Baltimore Development Iniative (EBDI) is turning the neighborhood north of Hopkins (Middle East) into a Biotech Park and 1200-1500 units of new and rehabbed mixed income housing. EBDI is also looking to redevelop a couple of neighborhoods east of Hopkins known as Milton Montford and Madison Eastend.
Other neighborhoods east of Hopkins such as Patterson Park, McElderry Park, Ellwood Park/Monument, and Library Square are gentrifying on their own.
People are finding cheap boarded up homes that haven't sat vacant for very long and are gutting and rehabbing them without much outside help.
The Gateway at Washington Hill is a proposed mixed use residential, retail, office development just south of Hopkins on three vacant blocks; Baltimore St. on the south Wolfe St. on the west, Orleans St. on the north, and Washington St. on the east.
The last development to be demolished will be Perkins Homes. Like Douglass Homes, it's a vital link between redeveloped and gentrified areas of the city.
It sits in between Little Italy, Albemarle Square, Inner Harbor East, and Fels Point. Included in its demolition will be the two schools located directly north of Perkins Homes. They are; Lombard Middle which is slated to close after this school year anyway, and City Springs Elementary. As part of my plan to rebuild schools and reduce excess classroom space City Springs will be combined with other local Elementary Schools to build a brand new school.
The last cluster of East Baltimore neighborhoods I will discuss lie north of Biddle St. and South of North Avenue. They are; Berea, Broadway East, and Oliver. I don't see them benefiting much from all the new development in East Baltimore. However, I do see them benefiting from all the transit lines slated to be built. The Green Line Extension from Hopkins to meet the Purple Line which runs on the MARC tracks will turn Broadway East and Oliver into TOD districts instantly. Berea, will be a stop on the Purple Line with MARC stops at Orangeville and Penn Station within a 10 minute ride. Orangeville, an old industrial neighborhood and a preferred site for East Baltimore's MARC Station will instantly be transformed into upscale mixed use residential, retail, office, and perhaps a Boutique Hotel.
Now to effectively streamline all these new development projects one must keep in mind that there are still some old vacancies. Most of these lie in Historic Jonestown and Washington Hill. They can offered by the as $1 row homes providing the buyer rehabs the house to its former glory. If it's something bigger than a row home like an old office or industrial building it can be bought for $100 and converted into something like loft apartments. There are some beautiful vacant buildings in these areas and it would be a shame to see them hit the wrecking ball.
Now that I've streamlined the gentrification of most of East Baltimore (I purposely left some things out for a different post) all the neighborhoods can reunite with one another, after all, that's what this post was all about.

East Baltimore: What's Hot, What's Not

East Baltimore, just the twos words alone speak volumes about a struggling section of the city that for decades has dealt on a much grander scales with the ills of urban decay. Now, East Baltimore's sole anchor Johns Hopkins Hospital has taken on the roll of developer by transforming the entire east side of Baltimore from slums into a state of the art Biotech Park, 1500 new and rehabbed mixed income housing units, a Community School, and enhanced retail. Other community amenities include open space, a Day Care Center, and a Community School. Johns Hopkins has developed a sector called the East Baltimore Development Initiative or EBDI for short to sally forth on this ambitious plan.
East Baltimore always consisted of "cookie cutter" row homes with little architectural elements. Houses were built mainly for workers of Bethlehem Steel in Dundalk, The American Brewery, The Breweries and Canneries in Canton, and the shipyards of Fels Point. After the death of Johns Hopkins his will stated that he wanted a University and a Hospital built in his name. Johns Hopkins University is located at the Junction of the Remington, Charles North and Charles Village neighborhoods while Johns Hopkins Hospital is located in the Dunbar Broadway and Middle East neighborhoods near the now former Church Hospital.
As Johns Hopkins Hospital continued to grow two things happened East Baltimore saw an increase in Medical Staff among its residents and outside forces allowed Blacks to live in certain neighborhoods of East Baltimore. Said neighborhoods are what is known today known as Oliver, Broadway East, Berea, Biddle Street, Gay Street, the northern section of Middle East, and Johnston Square. Integration was still almost a century away so the white residents moved out. The demographic shift occurred right around the time the city limit was extended eastward in 1918. Residents moved into new neighborhoods with the "cookie cutter" row homes like Highlandtown, Greektown, Medford, Breoning Manor, and Graceland Park. Since many of these people worked in the factories near these new neighborhoods it worked out well because they lived closer to work.
As the 1940s and 50s rolled around drastic change came about in East Baltimore and Urban America as a whole. Older row homes and tenements became blighted and outdated an influx of poor residents were moving into older neighborhoods as the suburban dream became "affordable" for the middle class. The city, rather than rehab the existing housing stock decided to bulldoze and build Public Housing Complexes in their place. Oldtown, a previously Jewish neighborhood was rebuilt with public housing complexes such as Somerset Homes, Monument House, and LaTrobe Homes. Gay Street has the Section 8 housing complexes of Lester Morton Court and Clay Courts as well as the public housing complex of Somerset Homes Extension. Dunbar Broadway has Douglass Homes. Washington Hill has Broadway Homes and Perkins Homes. Jonestown got Lafayette Courts and Flag House Courts. Near Fort Holabird, Berricks used for Soldiers became the public housing complex known as O'Donnell Heights. The complexes varied in style from row homes, garden apartments, mid rise apartments, and high rise apartments.
Integration was still something of the future at the inception of these complexes, neighborhoods that were white before the complexes were built turned almost completely black over night as the public housing complexes went up. These once stable neighborhoods like Washington Hill, Oldtown, Dunbar Broadway, and Jonestown fell victim to crime, blight, population loss, drugs, and poverty just as soon as the last brick was laid. The new buildings that were supposed to cure the city of these problems only inflated.
The high rises, as everyone is well aware did not survive for very long. By the 1990s it was time for them to come down. First it was Lafayette Courts replaced with the town house and senior apartment building of Pleasant View Gardens, then it was Broadway Homes replaced with the apartment and town home development of Broadway Overlook which utilizes the former Church Hospital building for some of its apartments. Finally it was Flag House Courts which was replaced with Albemarle Square also with apartments and town homes. The new developments have fewer units than their predecessors and in some cases only a fraction of said units are public housing. Formerly stable communities like McElderry Park, Ellwood Park/Monument, and the Southern Portion of Middle East were negatively effected by the closings of the old high rise complexes with former residents moving into those neighborhoods through the "scattered site" program which caused additional white flight, crime, drugs, and blight.Today, East Baltimore is on the threshold for unprecedented change and gentrification fueled by the EBDI and some "Area Master Plans" put forth by the city there are some sections of East Baltimore that are "hot" and some that are "not" and some that will become "hot" in a few short years.

First what's hot
The world renowned Johns Hopkins Hospital is ever expanding its services and acreage.
"The Piano", Just north Hopkins this is the location of the new Biotech Park and the housing that goes with it. The shape of the land mass resembles a grand piano hence the nickname. All existing housing will be demolished.

McElderry Park, Just as soon as it went into decline the real estate market boomed and the housing stock of McElderry Park and Lower Middle East even up to Library Square is being rehabbed by the block. New housing here should be minimal. The EBDI helped the McElderry Park's marketability.Albemarle Square, HOPE VI hit a grand slam with this one. It provides just the right income mix and its location near the Inner Harbor, Little Italy, and Fels Point and in Historic Jonestown make this former slum into a 21st century urban oasis.
Orangeville/Berea, Orangeville is currently an industrial wasteland and the site for the East Baltimore MARC station and a transfer point on the Redline. Orangeville will become a mecca for TOD. Berea will feel the effects of Orangeville's transformation and will experience a mix of new "infill" development and rehabbed row homes.

Library Square, This is poised for enhanced retail, new educational/institutional space, rehabbed housing, and lots more open space and streetspace enchancements. The realignment of Pulaski Highway, Fayette St. and Monument St. should be considered.
Bayview, This will be the Redline's third and final MARC transfer point. Bayview will also benefit from TOD.Greektown, an older row house neighborhood has "Athena Square a new town home development under construction and as many as 1,000 high rise condos and town homes are in the planning stages.Washington Hill, very nice housing stock of older homes with more architectural details than most of East Baltimore. This mixed with co-op housing and the new Broadway Overlook, Washington Hill has something for everyone. There is even a little room for new housing.
Photo From Baltimorehousing.org
Preston Place, This new development in the all but abandoned neighborhood of Oliver is bringing hope to residents that their neighborhood can turn around. The development is coming up before their very eyes. Preston Place may be the catalyst needed for Oliver.
Patterson Park, Reinvestment is inching its way north of Patterson Park block by block.
Butchers Hill, Great Housing existing housing stock complemented by "Duncan St. Mews" and "The Townes at Butchers Hill"

What's Not
Perkins Homes, The only public housing development left near the harbor. Demolition and redevelopment is required.
Oldtown, Just like in the 1940s and 50s it's time to completely tear down and rebuild this neighborhood once again. Somerset Homes will definitely hit the wrecking ball and there is talk of LaTrobe Homes demolition. This is all part of a Master Plan in the works for Oldtown Mall, a desolate pedestrian mall that can't be revived. Also in the master plan is talk of demolishing Douglass Homes, Forest St. Apartments, and developing the surface parking lots of Penn Fallsway.
The JFX/I-83 Between Fayette St. and Preston St. has got to come down. The only way the Oldtown Master Plan can be done right (which is to make it an extension of Downtown) would be to separate the barrier between the two which is no doubt the JFX/I-83.
Broadway East/American Brewery, This may be the one part of East Baltimore that can't be revived. Maybe way down the line but it's too desolate and surrounded by urban decay and blight. The entire neighborhood would have to be torn down accept for the Brewery and rebuilt from the ground up, even then will people move back after all these years?
Johnston Square, Many false starts and uncompleted public housing/section 8 developments here. The demolition of the JFX/I-83 will, like in the Oldtown/Penn Fallsway instance will spur new high density development that will push Downtown eastward.

Up & Coming
Highlandtown, the final neighborhood to gentrify with Patterson Park frontage. There is an improving housing stock and old industrial land that's ripe for redevelopment. Highlandtown is also an "Arts and Entertainment District" The Redline will only add interest to this up & comer.
Pleasant View Gardens, Baltimore's first HOPE VI development didn't take off like we would have hoped. Its location near Somerset Homes and Douglass Homes didn't help. It also has way too many public housing units. It needs to broaden its income mix by introducing market rate rentals, subsidized homeownership, and additional market rate homeownership as the new developments replacing Somerset Homes and Douglass homes are built with the same even mix Pleasant View Gardens won't be seen as a life raft in a sea of urban decay.

Kresson, this little known neighborhood serparates Greektown/Bayview from Canton and Highlandtown. It's a thin north south stretch that's mostly industrial with little residential. This is prime for TOD as the Redline will run right through it.
Gay Street, this neighborhood located directly west of Middle East may be a bench mark in how a poor neighborhood should work. It features Somerset Homes Extension which unlike the other development that bares its name is in good shape. Some mild modernization